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  • OPERATIONS

Eni and Commonwealth Fusion Systems, together for fusion energy

ENI collaboration with CFS

We collaborate with Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS) to accelerate the industrial development of magnetic confinement fusion. A milestone has already been reached with the testing of the first prototype magnet with high temperature superconductor (HTS), a technological breakthrough that marks a decisive step towards more compact and efficient fusion plants. In 2025 we strengthened this collaboration with a strategic commercial agreement to purchase decarbonised electricity from ARC, CFS’s future fusion power plant in the United States. ARC is expected to be the world’s first industrial-scale plant able to feed fusion-generated electricity into the grid with a process that produces no CO2 or other greenhouse-gas emissions. The agreement provides for joint work to accelerate the plant’s development through operational activities, technology support and the sharing of design methodologies informed by Eni’s experience in the energy sector. CFS is currently building the SPARC demonstrator, designed to confirm net energy from fusion and to collect essential data to build ARC and the subsequent industrialisation phase.

Magnetic confinement fusion is one of the most promising technologies for the energy transition: it can generate large amounts of zero-emission energy, safely and virtually without limit. The reactor we are developing with CFS is compact and efficient and it is based on a tokamak configuration enabled by innovative high-temperature superconducting magnets.

Highlight

Some figures to outline the results of the partnership.

  • 10

    tonnes

    weight of one magnet

  • 16

    sub-magnets

    present in one magnet

  • 18

    magnets

    present in the future SPARC experimental reactor

  • 267

    km

    superconductor ribbons in a magnet

The technology developed by Commonwealth Fusion Systems

The magnetic confinement fusion reactors that have been designed in most research programmes use magnets with low-temperature superconductors (LTS), which require temperatures close to absolute zero (-273 °Celsius). However, this technology requires very large machines. The solution proposed by CFS, on the other hand, uses innovative industrial superconductors made from Rare Earth Barium Copper Oxide (ReBCO) which are known as High-Temperature Superconductors (HTS) because they “only” require temperatures of around - 253° Celsius. These superconductors can also create very strong magnetic fields. These differences make it possible to create reactors that are much more compact and efficient compared to those designed until now.

Highlights of CFS technology
100
mln

degrees Celsius temperature reached by the plasma inside the reactor


20
tesla

density of the magnetic flux density created by the magnets


-253
degrees

operating temperature of the HTS superconductors


40 k
amperes

electric current intensity in the superconductors


100
mln

degrees Celsius temperature reached by the plasma inside the reactor

20
tesla

density of the magnetic flux density created by the magnets

-253
degrees

operating temperature of the HTS superconductors

40 k
amperes

electric current intensity in the superconductors

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The stages of the partnership

Milestones in clean energy research.

More sources for one energy

Energy diversification and technological neutrality guide our strategic choices on our path to decarbonization.