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Our projects for the capture, transportation, storage and reuse of CO₂ (CCUS), a set of technologies that are indispensable for lowering emissions.
The technological chain of capture, transport, storage and utilisation of CO₂, (CCUS) allows carbon dioxide emissions to be captured directly from the industrial plants that generate them.
Capture and storage of CO₂ (CCS) are currently available and effective solutions for decarbonising hard-to-abate sectors, i.e. industries where, due to both high energy consumption and the nature of their production cycles, there are currently no equally effective technological alternatives (e.g. steel, cement, paper and chemical industries).
The importance of the CCUS for the energy transition is emphasised by major international organisations, such as the International Energy Agency (IEA), the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and the United Nations. Also at the international level, these projects are supported by the European Union as part of the EU Industrial Carbon Management Strategy1, as well as by the United Kingdom, Norway and other countries. This is why we have made it an element of our decarbonization pathway, pursuing CCS projects and supporting research in CCU.
For Eni, CCS is a key lever for the energy transition, both for the decarbonization of its own operations and for third-party industries. With the projects we have already launched in Italy, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, we have secured a leadership position in the sector, while we are planning to develop further initiatives in North Africa, the North Sea and the Far East. Key initiatives include the storage site L10-CCS in the Netherlands, as part of the Aramis Value Chain, and the Bacton CCS project in the south-east of the UK, which aims to become one of the first cross-border CCS projects connecting the EU and the UK. Furthermore, in 2024, we launched the satellite company CCUS Holding which - by finalising the strategic partnership with Global Infrastructure Partners (GIP) - strengthens the application of our satellite model through the integrated management of our UK and Dutch initiatives and, in the future, the potential inclusion of Ravenna CCS within the company’s perimeter.
Eni's approach to CCUS includes monitoring, before, during, and after the injection of CO2 into the reservoir. These activities, carried out through sensor networks and the use of robotic systems, cover the surface, subsurface and offshore environment.
In 2023 we started the international research project HERCCULES, which is supported by us and other partners and coordinated by the Energy and Environment Laboratory Piacenza (LEAP). The initiative is financed as part of the Horizon Europe framework programme with European funds amounting to approximately thirty million euros. The aim of the project is to develop innovative CO2 capture technologies for the cement and waste-to-energy sectors by setting up demonstration plants in two cement plants and one waste-to-energy plant located in Northern Italy and in Greece.
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is an important tool to support hard-to-abate industries in reducing their emissions. Here are some numbers that testify to our commitment.
With the launch of Phase 1 of the Ravenna CCS project in Italy and the development of the Liverpool Bay CCS in the UK, we are progressing our Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) activities and establishing ourselves as industry leaders.
Ravenna CCS is the first project in Italy for the capture, transport and permanent storage of CO2, developed through a Joint Venture between Eni and Snam. Phase 1, which began in August 2024, aims to capture, transport, and store 25,000 tonnes of CO₂ per year from the emissions of Eni’s natural gas processing plant in Casalborsetti. In 2026 the Ravenna CCS – Phase 1 project was awarded the IPTC Sustainability Excellence Award, officially gaining international recognition for its technological maturity and operational reliability. With Phase 2, scheduled to start before 2030, storage capacity will progressively increase, and Ravenna CCS could become the main CCS hub for Southern Europe and the Mediterranean.
Liverpool Bay CCS located in the North West of England and North Wales, is one of the UK’s flagship CCS projects and is actively supported by the UK Government for its contribution to reducing hard-to-abate emissions. The project, which represents the backbone infrastructure for the decarbonization of the industrial cluster HyNet North West, has the objective to transform one of the UK’s most energy-intensive industrial regions into one of the world’s first low-carbon industrial clusters. After the Final Investment Decision from Eni CCUS in April 2025, and the issuing by the UK Government of the Economic Licence, first storage activities are expected by 2028, in line with the industrial emitters in the HyNet cluster.
With the launch of Phase 1 of the Ravenna CCS project in Italy and the development of the Liverpool Bay CCS in the UK, we are progressing our Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) activities and establishing ourselves as industry leaders.
Ravenna CCS is the first project in Italy for the capture, transport and permanent storage of CO2, developed through a Joint Venture between Eni and Snam. Phase 1, which began in August 2024, aims to capture, transport, and store 25,000 tonnes of CO₂ per year from the emissions of Eni’s natural gas processing plant in Casalborsetti. In 2026 the Ravenna CCS – Phase 1 project was awarded the IPTC Sustainability Excellence Award, officially gaining international recognition for its technological maturity and operational reliability. With Phase 2, scheduled to start before 2030, storage capacity will progressively increase, and Ravenna CCS could become the main CCS hub for Southern Europe and the Mediterranean.
Liverpool Bay CCS located in the North West of England and North Wales, is one of the UK’s flagship CCS projects and is actively supported by the UK Government for its contribution to reducing hard-to-abate emissions. The project, which represents the backbone infrastructure for the decarbonization of the industrial cluster HyNet North West, has the objective to transform one of the UK’s most energy-intensive industrial regions into one of the world’s first low-carbon industrial clusters. After the Final Investment Decision from Eni CCUS in April 2025, and the issuing by the UK Government of the Economic Licence, first storage activities are expected by 2028, in line with the industrial emitters in the HyNet cluster.
We support research and innovation across the entire supply chain of CO2 capture, storage and utilisation. Regarding the possibility of utilisation (CCU), in particular, we are working on a mineralisation technology that allows carbon dioxide to be 'recycled' in the production of Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM) suitable for the formulation of Portland-type cements, with a high standard for use in the construction industry. The reaction at the base of the process, which involves the combination of CO2 with minerals containing silicates, occurs spontaneously in nature but over geological timescales. Eni's innovation consists in having developed a technology that accelerates the reaction to a few hours and gives the product properties that make it suitable for the formulation of cements.
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