Or , our new artificial intelligence tool.
Eni has definitively ended the procurement of palm oil for use at the Venice and Gela bio-refineries for the production of hydrogenated biofuels.
Eni is aware of the need to maintain a responsible approach to the issue of biomass that goes beyond mere compliance with the law. Therefore, to ensure sustainable management right throughout the supply chain, Eni has outlined general principles and a structured approach aimed at preventing the risks associated with the use of biomass.
The supply of biofeedstocks, including those from the company Eni Natural Energies, used in Eni's biorefineries in Italy is managed by Eni Trade & Biofuels (ETB), an Eni company that deals with trading and shipping activities. Both companies are controlled by Eni and share its principles and practices. Eni ensures that certified raw materials:
In 2024, more than 90% of the raw materials for the Venice and Gela biorefineries were classified as waste and residues, including UCOs (Used Cooking Oils), oily residues from vegetable oil processing and other industrial processes, animal fats and other waste. Eni is committed to gradually increasing the share of advanced feedstocks (matrices included in Annex IX of the EU Renewable Energy Directive 2018/2001) and to the continuous improvement of its procurement process, with a view to continuing the search for alternative feedstocks.
Furthermore, Eni promotes the use of raw materials that:
Our strategy from here to 2050 is to transform ourselves into a company that will only sell decarbonized products, so as to limit their environmental impact as much as possible. Eni also confirms its commitment to increase biorefinery capacity from the 1.65 million tonnes recorded in 2025 to 5 million by 2030.
Eni guarantees the following with regard to the use of biomass at its plants:
Versalis, Eni's chemical company, obtained the ISCC Plus certification in February 2021 for monomers, intermediates, polymers and elastomers produced with sustainable raw materials, from bio-naphtha and chemical recycling, at the Brindisi, Porto Marghera, Mantua, Ferrara and Ravenna plants.
Go to the siteEni endeavours to:
We have converted two traditional refineries into biorefineries, using the Ecofining™ technology developed by Eni’s research in conjunction with Honeywell-UOP. To these will be added the Livorno refinery, currently undergoing conversion into a biorefinery for the production of HVO. This decision stems from a desire to address the challenges posed by the structural crisis in the refining sector and to remain at the forefront of the energy transition, in line with European guidelines on the share of energy from renewable sources. This strategy has also allowed the company to directly produce a quota of HVO (hydrotreated vegetable oil) biofuel, in line with regulatory requirements. The development programme also involves the sites of Sannazzaro de’ Burgondi, through a partial conversion, and Priolo, the latter in a Joint Venture with Q8 Italia. At the same time, we have a presence abroad where we hold an interest in the St. Bernard biorefinery in Chalmette, USA, while new plants are planned to start up in South Korea and Malaysia. Thanks to the flexibility of Ecofining™ technology that allows us to process various types of biomass, Eni is increasing the use of alternative feedstocks (such as used cooking and frying oils, animal fats and waste from vegetable oil processing) by experimenting with advanced feedstocks (such as algae and waste oils, lignocellulosic material and bio-oils). Eni’s biofuel production complies with the requirements set by the EU voluntary schemes for compliance with sustainability criteria and the reduction of climate-changing gas emissions pursuant to the Renewables Directive.
Since October 2022, Eni has eliminated palm oil from its sites. It had already ceased supplying the oil for the production of hydrogenated biofuels in the biorefineries of Venice and Gela at the beginning of the same year, thus anticipating the constraints set out in the EU Renewable Energy Directive.
Biorefineries are characterised by their ability to process a wide variety of renewable raw materials, each with specific qualities (biogenic fillers or biomass). The main materials used to feed biorefineries are waste and residues from industrial processing and the food chain, as well as residues from the agri-food industry. The use of such diverse raw materials enables us to seize different market opportunities, making these products more economically accessible and supporting a fair and just transition by reducing the risk of speculative dynamics resulting from limited diversification of raw materials for production. However, this flexibility in the choice of raw materials requires constant process optimisation to maximise efficiency and energy savings. Starting from November 2022, Eni’s agri feedstock projects have also contributed to supplying Enilive biorefineries with inputs derived from crops grown on degraded or abandoned land, intercrops, and from the utilisation of forestry and agro-industrial residues, without competing with the food supply chain.
Eni biorefineries produce hydrogenated HVO diesel, biogpl and biojet biofuels for transport and bio naphtha mainly for the chemical supply chain. In particular, HVOlution is Enilive's first hydrogenated biofuel produced from 100% renewable raw materials, which is a practical solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It is already available at over 1,600 Enilive service stations, with the aim of reaching 2,500 points of sale by 2028. HVOlution conforms to the European specification EN15940 and can be used in pure form in compatible engines. There is no need to modify vehicles or intervene significantly in existing infrastructures.
The CO2 emissions of HVO, as for all biofuels, are considered zero. In fact, as it is of biogenic original1 and comes from sustainable biomass, the CO2 released during use is not conventionally counted in the greenhouse gas balance, as it was previously absorbed by the biomass during its growth. The sale of Eni biofuels in 2025 resulted in savings of about 2.0MtCO 2eq considering an emissions saving of about 80% compared to the average value of the reference fossil fuel, equal to 94 grCo 2eq/MJ according to the Renewables Directive.
To achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, we leverage partnerships and cutting-edge solutions for the transport of today and tomorrow.
Download document
