A circular city is one that reduces construction costs by 30-50%, CO2 emissions by tenfold, and land consumption by 75%.
Planning and design - Multi-purpose spaces, recyclable raw materials, inspiration from nature.
Saving natural resources - The construction sector consumes one third of world raw materials and is responsible for 11% of global emissions. 40% of municipal solid waste comes from the demolition of buildings, 54% of construction waste in Europe ends up in landfills.
New materials - With 3D printing and prefabricated structures timescales can be cut by 50-70%, the use of recycled building materials reduces CO2 emissions by 40-70%.
Vertical forests - façades of buildings are covered with plants and leads to 10/20% less particulates in the air. Building's roofs, façades and even windows can be solar panels.
Better use of spaces - 60% of offices in Europe are unused during working hours. The solution is to create commercial and working spaces that can be shared by citizens: and coworking.
Maintenance and control - using smart technology to manage and monitor buildings, modernise facilities to reuse them and adapt them for new uses. Focus on the energy efficiency of buildings.
Maintenance and control in the circular city: 1 euro invested in the care of buildings generates up to 5 euros of wealth.
Energy - Efficiency reduces waste between 62.9% and 73%. Revamping saves between 20% and 30%. Smart solutions reduce consumption by 10%.
Less waste - In the circular city temperatures are 2-8 degrees lower in the summer, reducing air conditioning by 30%. Between 20% and 30% of energy for heating is saved.