Solvents

A solvent is a liquid which has the property to dissolve substances without react with them.
The importance of such a component is due to a lot of purposes:

• dilution of a liquid/solid substance to favourite its handling
• uniform distribution of a substance on a surface (i.e. paints, inks)
• interaction between two substances not reacting each
• other extraction of one or more substances from mixtures
• substances removal (i.e. degreasing)

Solvents produced and sold by Eni can be classified in two main branches:

• Light Aliphatic Solvents (from C5 up C8 Hydrocarbons)
• Medium / Heavy Aliphatic Solvents(C9 and superior)

In addition methanol from Ecofuel for the domestic retail market only. The Light Aliphatic Solvents portfolio is including all the single cuts (distilling in 5°C) of the C5-C8 Hydrocarbons.
Hydrocarbon solvents coming from refinery cuts have a chemical structure due to a combination of carbon and hydrogen elements in different ratios depending from the hydrocarbon type.
Light Aliphatic Solvents include:

• Pentane
• Hexane Techn. Grade
• Hexane Polym. Grade
• Hexane Chem. Grade
• Iso-Hexane
• Cyclo-Hexane Heptane
• Agipsolv 120
• S.B.P.S. 60-95
• S.B.P.S. 100-120

Also included some wide range cuts (larger distillation range) that are mainly used in the dilution field.
All these products have a very small aromatic hydrocarbon content; the consequence is a low environmental impact.
The Medium / Heavy Aliphatic Solvents portfolio is including White spirit, White spirit aromatic free, AF 200 (aromatic free heavier wide range cut).

Manufacturing Sites e Terminals
The Light Aliphatic Solvents are produced in the ENI plant in Fornovo di Taro.
The very high flexibility of the manufacturing unit allows to satisfy the needs of the market. In some cases tailor made solvents are produced as consequence of customer requests.
The Medium / Heavy Aliphatic Solvents are produced in the ENI Refinery sited in Livorno.
The feedstock is coming from the ENI refineries of  Livorno, Sannazzaro and Venezia; this full integration insures the quality constancy of the products and permit to offer a security supply to the customers.
The terminals are sited in Livorno, Ravenna e Genova for shipments by vessels and trucks, Fornovo for shipments by trucks.

End Uses
The following picture shows an overview of the fields in which the products find application.