Non Conventional Hydrocarbons

Non conventional resources of hydrocarbons – as, for instance extra heavy crude and bitumen accumulations, as well as natural gas trapped in low permeability fields – are far more extended than conventional hydrocarbon reservoirs; however, extracting them is anti-economical with existing technologies.
In addition to conventional hydrocarbons, there are huge reserves of non conventional oil and gas, which refer to reservoirs that present subsurface or hydrocarbon characteristics that make extraction expensive or difficult with present technology, or limits recovery to a small fraction of the oil in place.
Among them a relevant part is made up of Canadian tar sands and of Venezuelan and Russian extra-heavy oils, whose volumes that can still be extracted are estimated to be 1,300 billion barrels in total – an amount that is superior to the world's proven conventional oil reserves. Even the natural gas resources present in low permeability fields – those where the reservoir rock has tiny pores that hinder gas movement – are so abundant that they can satisfy present level of gas demand for the next 50 - 150 years.
These estimates are cautious and incomplete in both cases, because many countries are unaware of the availability of resources of this nature on their territory.

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